Lithium-ion batteries prevail over the market for portable electronics due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and relatively low self-discharge rate. However, the demand for lithium-ion batteries in emerging applications such as electric vehicles and grid storage has placed increased pressure on the supply chain of essential battery mat

Understanding chemical phenomena around us hinges on grasping the fundamental principles of atomic arrangement. Every material is composed of unique atoms arranged in specific patterns. These elements interact through transformations, producing entirely different substances. By investigating these reactions, we can dissect the complexity of matter'

Chemical synthesis is a cornerstone of modern society. From the pharmaceuticals that alleviate disease to the products that compose our infrastructure, chemical processes are vital to our well-being. Through the chemicals in medicines controlled rearrangement of atoms and molecules, chemists construct a extensive range of chemicals that shape our w